Saturday, May 11, 2019

Did man really go to the Moon 6 times between 1969 and 1972?

Did man really go to the Moon 6 times between 1969 and 1972?

Understanding the truth about going to the Moon.

The fact is, Prabhupada was right about one aspect of space travel, that man has NEVER entered the Heavenly reality of Chandraloka on the Moon.

This is because Chandraloka is a higher dimensional realm beyond the detection of modern technology and visiting Astronauts.

But sadly due to Prabhupada's lack of proper education about the science and technology behind the Apollo missions to the Moon in the 1960s, that not only Prabhupada lacked, but most of the world were ignorant of too.

Therefore his opinion that they never went to the Moon between 1969 and 1972 "that we can see in the sky" is WRONG because they DID go to the Moon!

And frankly to keep denying this fact makes ISKCON look like ignorant fanatical religious fools! Many people have rejected ISKCON because of this un-educated denial NASA never went to the Moon.

This question keeps coming up among ISKCON devotees, did Apollo's six manned space missions from 1969 to 1972 land on the same Moon we CAN see in the sky, where 12 Astronauts walked on the Moon?

Srila Prabhupada - "Man has struggled very hard to reach the Moon but he has not tried very hard to elevate himself spiritually" (Bhagavad Gita As It Is Introduction).

It seems today in 2021 for devotees to keep claiming man never went to at least the reality we see of the Moon, is NOT right because the evidence NASA went to the Moon is overwhelming.

Today in 2021, there is so much proof including photos of the Apollo landing sites taken by a Japanese spacecraft in 2018 that reveals the Moon landings really did happen and were NOT a hoax or all bluff as Prabhupada has many times claimed.

I have always maintained since the 1970s that when he said they never went to the Moon, he meant the heavenly subtle realm beyond our vision and science, and not the physical gross Moon we CAN see.

There are so many other realities (dimensions) everywhere through out the material universe, including here on earth as well, and of course on the moon and all other planets, including the Sun. 

Living entities also live on the Sun according to Srimad Bhagavatam, but beyond our gross dimension of time and space and only attained by pious activity (karma) and NOT mechanical means.

On the moon also there is a different unseen reality that exists there unseen by our gross material senses and instruments. 

This higher dimensional realm is situated in another reality of space-time different from our "gross Earth reality or dimension".

The subtle divine reality or civilization on the Moon is called Chandraloka, and is a heavenly realm attained also only by pious activity (karma) and NOT by any mechanical means.

So clearly, on the Moon exists an unseen higher reality not seen by humans who visit there from Earth in Space crafts.

This subtle reality on the Moon is a heavenly opulent place not visible to us in a "gross material body" or our Earth's mundane gross technology.

It’s not just the moon and Sun that has these subtle higher dimensional realities, the fact is, such dimensional divisions exist throughout this entire material universe.

For example, we cannot see ghosts or bhutas here on Earth, nor can we see other living entities such as the messengers of death (The Yamadhutas) who take the subtle material body the soul is in, out of the gross material bodily vessel when the gross body dies.

The Yamadhuta's bodies are also material but exist in a subtle reality unseen by most in a "gross material body, unless one is qualified to see the "subtle material realm".

So most of us in these gross material bodies cannot see so many other realities and dimensions in this material universe that are actually all around us.

So when they first went to the Moon on July 20th 1969, the astronauts could not see or enter the heavenly realm that IS there also even though they DID landed on the Moon without any doubt.

These facts are really hard to deny in 2021 no matter what Prabhupada said 45 years ago with the then limited knowledge he and his disciples had back then about technology, claiming they never go to the Moon.

The fact is NASA DID go to at least "the Moon we see in the Sky" and it is foolish today in 2021 to deny this mundane achievement and believe so many nonsense conspiracy theories and speculation they never went to the Moon.

All those who sentimentally believe Prabhupāda's comments can never be challenged, simply because he said it, believing the Spiritual Master knows everything and can never be wrong, should understand he is NOT God.

Some will say to question Prabhupada could damage the faith of others and is offensive however, does that mean we keep this lie of a Moon landing hoax going?

That is no way to run an organisation supposed to be based on encouraging others to seek out the truth, instead of forcing others to believe this nonsense with bullying fear tactics and threats you are going to hell for questioning the Spiritual Master's claim NASA never visited the "gross" Moon!

And Prabhupada is not Krishna, therefore he does not know everything like Krishna does.

To believe he does is wrong because he in not Krishna, he is Krishna's humble pure devotee and even admitted he did not everything about Cosmology, that is why he sent Tamal Krishna Gosvami to South India in search of a Vedic Brahmin expert in Vedic Cosmology.

As said above, when Prabhupada said they never went to the Moon,  it is obvious he meant they never went to the subtle heavenly realm there called Chandraloka, even though he often also said they never went to the Moon we see, which I disagree with.

But the fact is, often he was not really sure himself and today all his comments about not reaching the Moon said in room discussions, and even in some Purports in Srimad Bhagavatam needs to be better understood and corrected.

So it is pointless quoting Prabhupada to me about the Moon landings being a hoax and all bluff, or that Moon rocks really come from the Arizona desert because I do NOT accept Prabhupada's comments and opinions on this subject.

This includes his opinion that the Moon is further away from Earth than the Sun is which is simply NOT true.

To me these opinions by Prabhupada are simply incorrect, and I have studied all of them, some are here below.

Yes, Prabhupada was right, they can NEVER “enter” the "heavenly reality" or realm on the Moon called Chandraloka because the Astronauts are in a "gross material body" traveling in "gross material spacecrafts" that can never detect such a realm.

So they can NEVER enter Chandraloka a heavenly planet, the ONLY way to enter Chandraloka is via pious activities with the "right type of material subtle body".

No one can enter Chandraloka while in a "gross material body" or through mundane mechanical means, as said above, only via pious activities can the jiva soul enter a material heavenly planet.

Therefore the Astronauts can and did go to at least the "gross Moon" in Apollo 11 to Apollo 17 missions from 1969 to 1972 and have sent many probes back since, especially in the last 10 years by India, China, Japan, European Union, Russia, Israel, America who have all sent spaecrafts to the Moon.

Are all these countries all in on some silly hoax and conspiracy theories as well?

No they are not!

So yes without any doubt, the Astronauts went to the "gross" Moon at great expense and yes, a total waste of money as Prabhupada also said.

For those who do not know Prabhupada's view on this, the 1975 conversation in Perth Australia is at the end of this article.

However, I agree with other devotees that there urgently needs to be a better clearer explanation that gives us all a better mature deeper understanding so the devotees and public understands clearly based on a solid none sentimental evidence.

The late Sadaputa dasa Phd (1947-2008) has tried to explain the following conversation in his Book "Vedic Cosmology"

In other words, there needs to be solid proof at least with comments that the Moon is further away from Earth than the Sun so the public have a more clearer understanding.

Sadaputa prabhu studied the Book "Surya Siddhanta's calculations" which explain the Moon is way closer to Earth than the Sun, giving its distance as 258,000 miles away which is close to modern sciences measurement of 238,000 miles away.

Also here Svarūpa Dāmodara Maharaj discuses with Srila Prabhupada below his comment claiming the Moon is further away from Earth than the Sun.

Svarūpa Dāmodara Maharaj suggests to Srila Prabhupada that we should find the Book Surya Siddhanta (that Prabhupada never had access to while translating the 5th Canto of Srimad Bhagavatam), to try clear up this matter with a more detailed understanding.

Svarūpa Dāmodara suggests to Srila Prabhupada there must be more information about the Moon's distance from Earth found in the Sūrya-siddhānta.

Srila Prabhupada knew about Surya Siddhanta, but was only found AFTER Srila Prabhupada left this world in November 1977 by Sadaputa dasa PhD.

In Surya Siddhanta by Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakur, it is stated that the Moon is 258,000 miles from Earth (close to the modern science calculation of 238,000 miles from Earth) according to Sadaputa dasa, and is NOT further away (as the crow flies) from Earth than the Sun is.

This is also revealed by Sadaputa dasa in his Vedic Cosmology Books who has explained the Moon's distance in detail.

And today in 2021, it is foolish to believe that so many nations, who now are regularly visiting the Moon (and reaching there in three or four days), are all in on some nonsense hoax and conspiracy.

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "This idea that the Moon is further away from earth than the Sun is going to be very critical. That brings a whole new concept that poses some problem".

Prabhupāda - "Eh?"

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "In speaking (at) colleges and universities. The other day when you spoke there, we were not speaking about astronomy, you were speaking of the origin of life, and these people, outsiders, they already had the concept to raise up that question. So without any connection they brought up. So the question was, "Whatever you present is very nice, fine, but what about the moon? Do you believe that the moon is farther away than the sun?"

Prabhupāda - "But they have already...?"

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "Yeah, they already studied, they are ready to ask those things, and they say, "Just give me an answer, yes or no."

Prabhupāda - "They asked you? They asked you?"

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "Yes".

Prabhupāda - "So what did you answer?"

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "We said yes, but our explanation was much (indistinct) in the sense that we said you have to study this more carefully, but we tried to remark the concept that now we are conditioned to believe certain things".

Prabhupāda - "Now, how they heard that we are believing in this way?"

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "From Bhāgavatam".

Prabhupāda - "Oh".

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "From Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam. And sometimes devotees go around the colleges and sometimes they say, "What you are doing is all wrong, the moon is far away." So I think this is spread all over".

Prabhupāda - "But that is a fact".

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "But we had one explanation saying that now, the way we percept knowledge, though we understand things, there is also a conditioning behind it. So actually this is a fact, but in Mathematics, if we change the axiom, then we have a whole new understanding, it's almost completely upside down, but still we can interpret the result. It is just like a simple jumble(?), while Nils Bohr, studying the structure of the atom. Now he had a mathematical equation to fit the phenomena of this atom, and actually you can perfectly describe this phenomena by this equation, but, now, at morning times, this quantum mechanics, it turns out whatever he did was completely wrong, but it can be described completely, perfectly well as his model, as is our present understanding. But now his theories (indistinct), he could explain things on his own, but still it's completely wrong. So similarly..."

Prabhupāda - "They are right. They may present the wrong thing, but still they are right".

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "Yes".

Prabhupāda - "That is their proposition?"

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "It is possible, but that's why we're claiming that. They agree that because not only there is several facts in science, that one should be (indistinct) this is true, then suddenly by some new discoveries came out all wrong".

Prabhupāda - "Yes".

Svarūpa Dāmodara - "So we are discussing about our limitations of our so-called knowledge-finding technique. So we said, "One has to be a little open-minded and discuss these things..." (July 6th 1976 Washington D.C. USA)

Today in 2019, 36% of NASA employees are Indians Hindus.

And in the last 5 years, China, India, Japan, Russia, European Union, United Ststes have all sent rockets to the Moon and are continually doing so, reaching there in 3 or 4 days, so Prabhupāda's comments they cannot go to the Moon in three days is proved incorrect by the many Nations who are now going there.

China, India, Russia and Japan have sent rovers there and also to Mars as well taking over 4000 clear photos in the last 5 years like the one included at bottom of the page which is the 1969 Apollo 11 site.

To claim all these countries are in on some big hoax is NOT possible.

I see senior ISKCON devotees and the GBC are very concerned because this means some (only a few) comments in Prabhupada's Purports in Srimad Bhagavatam, like in the 8th Canto claiming space crafts cannot reach the Moon in 3 or 4 days, are clearly incorrect.

And to believe going to the gross Moon we see in the sky is all a big hoax and bluff, as Prabhupada claims, would involve hundreds of thousands of people.

His opinions 45 years ago are just not fact with the evidence we have today.

Today in 2021 with organizations like Wikileaks exposing national secrets, to keep supposedly faked Moon landings all big secret is ridiculous and laughable, many have left ISKCON because of these uneducated comments.

In other words, 50 years ago, Prabhupāda and many of his very young immature disciples (most were in their early 20s) had no proper education on modern science and space technology at all.

In fact no one back then even in the public, properly understood this new field of space travel and technology they denied because they could not understand it due to ignorance and superstition.

In Srimad Bhagavatam Prabhupāda tells tell us air is in outer space (it is certainly NOT the air we breath)

Even as a young 20 year old, I listening to him in a room discussing this topic, I remember walking out of his room unsatisfied with Prabhupada's comments because if you had been on a 727 Plane at 35,000 feet, or on top of Mt Everest at 29.000 feet, you would know why - because there is almost no air at that height.

The higher you go the thinner the air gets until you reach space where there is no air.

It is NOT a theory it is a fact.

Some sentimental devotees use the argument that because most Astronauts and scientists are meat eaters or believe in evolution, same sex marriages, homosexuality and abortion means they are all demons.

But even if true, their personal habits does not make them wrong about going to the moon as these fundamental fanatcs believe.

It's a silly argument

Intelligent people see that living a sinful life and not believing in God, does not make everything they do wrong.

For example, devotees get bypass heart surgery and other operations by Doctors who also big meat eaters and some are homosexuals however, that does not make their surgery on a devotee wrong because of what they eat or believe in?

Many in NASA are Christians too even though their endevour to go in outerspace is a waste of time and money.

Therefore it is nonsense, even by Prabhupada back in the mid 1970s to use the argument that because they believe that life comes from matter, or they support abortion as an argument to claim they never went to the Moon.

As said above, what about all the sinful doctors who perform life saving operations on devotees? Is their work also destined to fail?

And Prabhupāda said expeditions to Mars would fail because they could not go there either, no, he that is incorrect, America, China, Russia and India have also sent probes, rovers and even drones to fly in the Mars thin atmosphere to Mars.

The following is what Srila Prabhupada says about Cosmology of the material universe we live in, however, many of these views and opinions below, I do NOT blindly accept today in 2021 now in my 70s after investigations, that includes reading the Surya Siddhanta that Prabhupada never had while translating Srimad Bhagavatam or Caitanya Caritamrita.

Morning Walk -- May 12, 1975, Perth:

Prabhupāda: (in car) They have not gone to the moon planet.

Paramahaṁsa: Really?

Prabhupāda: Yes. It is far, far away. Their calculation is wrong. They are going to a wrong planet.

Paramahaṁsa: It must be the Rahu planet.

Prabhupāda: Yes, or something else. Not moon planet.

Paramahaṁsa: How many...

Prabhupāda: It is above the sun planet.

Paramahaṁsa: Moon planet is further?

Prabhupāda: Yes.

Paramahaṁsa: Oh. Because they say that the moon planet is the closest planet to the earth. That is their calculation. And they say that it orbits around the earth, and then that the earth orbits the sun.

Prabhupāda: All wrong. What is the... According to them, what is the distance of sun planet?

Paramahaṁsa: Sun planet is 93,000,000 miles.

Gaṇeśa: They say the moon planet is only 250,000 miles.

Prabhupāda: It is wrong thing.

Paramahaṁsa: Is their calculation for the distance of the sun wrong also?

Prabhupāda: Yes.

Paramahaṁsa: 93,000,000? It says in the Bhāgavatam exactly what the distance?

Paramahaṁsa: Ah. 200,000 yojanas. That means 1,600,000 miles above the sun.

Prabhupāda: Above the sun. How they'll go? (laughter) They are going to the wrong..., bluffing only. I am repeatedly saying, they have never gone, simply bluff. How it is that they brought some dust? So brilliant, it is blazing, full. There is fire blazing. (walking:)

Paramahaṁsa: They say that they measured the moon and that it's very small compared to the earth, very tiny.

Prabhupāda: All wrong.

Paramahaṁsa: If it's a longer distance than the sun but still it appears so big in the sky, it must be a very large planet.

Prabhupāda: Yes. Similarly Venus and others, they are also above.

Paramahaṁsa: Oh, above the sun.

Prabhupāda: Yes. Now they are fools, rascal, bluffing, but even the scientists, they are also bluffing. Now Russia and America combined together, going? Just see where they are going.

Gaṇeśa: What have the scientists got to gain by bluffing?

Prabhupāda: Position. Material world means they want some material gain, some adoration, and some fame. That's all. This is material world. So if by bluffing you I get some material profit and adoration and fame, why shall I not do it? Everyone is doing that.

Amogha: That's the cheating propensity.

Prabhupāda: Yes. In material world they have come to imitate God—adoration, fame, material profit. Just like this man. He has come to this country. He is getting money, he is getting woman, and becoming God amongst the fools. He is satisfied. That's all. This is not gain? If I get woman, money, and adoration, is it not gain for me?

Gaṇeśa: Yes, just like the materialistic demon Hiraṇyakaśipu.

Prabhupāda: Yes. Materialistic man means he wants all these things in different way. Somebody is becoming God, somebody is becoming philosopher, somebody is becoming scientist, in this way. Real purpose is these three things. Abha-pūjā-pratiṣṭhā. And our philosophy? We don't want anything of this. Just see. Negation. Na dhanaṁ na janaṁ na sundarīṁ kavitāṁ (Cc. Antya 20.29, Śikṣāṣṭaka 4). Say... All denial, "We don't want." That is Vaiṣṇavism. Then what do you want? "We want simply to serve Kṛṣṇa." This is our position. They don't want to serve Kṛṣṇa; they want to imitate Kṛṣṇa. And that is their satisfaction". (Morning Walk -- May 12, 1975, Perth)





Thursday, May 9, 2019

"Calculation of Time, from the Atom" Srimad-Bhagavatam Canto 3 Chapter 11

Calculation of Time, from the Atom

Srimad-Bhagavatam Canto 3 Chapter 11 Text 1 to Text 42

By His Divine Grace A C Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada


TEXT 1

TRANSLATION

The material manifestation’s ultimate particle, which is indivisible and not formed into a body, is called the atom. It exists always as an invisible identity, even after the dissolution of all forms.

The material body is but a combination of such atoms, but it is misunderstood by the common man.

PURPORT

The atomic description of the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam is almost the same as the modern science of atomism, and this is further described in the Paramāṇu-vāda of Kaṇāda.

In modern science also, the atom is accepted as the ultimate indivisible particle of which the universe is composed.

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam is the full text of all descriptions of knowledge, including the theory of atomism. The atom is the minute subtle form of eternal time.

TEXT 2

TRANSLATION

Atoms are the ultimate state of the manifest universe. When they stay in their own forms without forming different bodies, they are called the unlimited oneness.

There are certainly different bodies in physical forms, but the atoms themselves form the complete manifestation.

TEXT 3

TRANSLATION

One can estimate time by measuring the movement of the atomic combination of bodies.

Time is the potency of the almighty Personality of Godhead, Hari, who controls all physical movement although He is not visible in the physical world.

TEXT 4

TRANSLATION

Atomic time is measured according to its covering a particular atomic space. That time which covers the unmanifest aggregate of atoms is called the great time.

PURPORT

Time and space are two correlative terms. Time is measured in terms of its covering a certain space of atoms. Standard time is calculated in terms of the movement of the sun.

The time covered by the sun in passing over an atom is calculated as atomic time. The greatest time of all covers the entire existence of the nondual manifestation.

All the planets rotate and cover space, and space is calculated in terms of atoms. Each planet has its particular orbit for rotating, in which it moves without deviation, and similarly the sun has its orbit.

The complete calculation of the time of creation, maintenance and dissolution, measured in terms of the circulation of the total planetary systems until the end of creation, is known as the supreme kāla.

TEXT 5

TRANSLATION

The division of gross time is calculated as follows: two atoms make one double atom, and three double atoms make one hexatom. This hexatom is visible in the sunshine which enters through the holes of a window screen. One can clearly see that the hexatom goes up towards the sky.

PURPORT

The atom is described as an invisible particle, but when six such atoms combine together, they are called a trasareṇu, and this is visible in the sunshine pouring through the holes of a window screen.

TEXT 6

TRANSLATION

The time duration needed for the integration of three trasareṇus is called a truṭi, and one hundred truṭis make one vedha. Three vedhas make one lava.

PURPORT

It is calculated that if a second is divided into 1687.5 parts, each part is the duration of a truṭi, which is the time occupied in the integration of eighteen atomic particles.

Such a combination of atoms into different bodies creates the calculation of material time. The sun is the central point for calculating all different durations.

TEXT 7

TRANSLATION

The duration of time of three lavas is equal to one nimeṣa, the combination of three nimeṣas makes one kṣaṇa, five kṣaṇas combined together make one kāṣṭhā, and fifteen kāṣṭhās make one laghu.

PURPORT

By calculation it is found that one laghu is equal to two minutes. The atomic calculation of time in terms of Vedic wisdom may be converted into present time with this understanding.

TEXT 8

TRANSLATION

Fifteen laghus make one nāḍikā, which is also called a daṇḍa. Two daṇḍas make one muhūrta, and six or seven daṇḍas make one fourth of a day or night, according to human calculation.

TEXT 9

TRANSLATION

The measuring pot for one nāḍikā, or daṇḍa, can be prepared with a six-pala-weight [fourteen ounce] pot of copper, in which a hole is bored with a gold probe weighing four māṣa and measuring four fingers long. When the pot is placed on water, the time before the water overflows in the pot is called one daṇḍa.

PURPORT

It is advised herein that the bore in the copper measuring pot must be made with a probe weighing not more than four māṣa and measuring not longer than four fingers.

This regulates the diameter of the hole. The pot is submerged in water, and the overflooding time is called a daṇḍa. This is another way of measuring the duration of a daṇḍa, just as time is measured by sand in a glass.

It appears that in the days of Vedic civilization there was no dearth of knowledge in physics, chemistry or higher mathematics. Measurements were calculated in different ways, as simply as could be done.

TEXT 10

TRANSLATION

It is calculated that there are four praharas, which are also called yāmas, in the day and four in the night of the human being. Similarly, fifteen days and nights are a fortnight, and there are two fortnights, white and black, in a month.

TEXT 11

TRANSLATION

The aggregate of two fortnights is one month, and that period is one complete day and night for the Pitā planets. Two of such months comprise one season, and six months comprise one complete movement of the sun from south to north.

TEXT 12

TRANSLATION

Two solar movements make one day and night of the demigods, and that combination of day and night is one complete calendar year for the human being. The human being has a duration of life of one hundred years.

TEXT 13

TRANSLATION

Influential stars, planets, luminaries and atoms all over the universe are rotating in their respective orbits under the direction of the Supreme, represented by eternal kāla.

PURPORT

In the Brahma-saṁhitā it is stated that the sun is the eye of the Supreme and it rotates in its particular orbit of time. Similarly, beginning from the sun down to the atom, all bodies are under the influence of the kāla-cakra, or the orbit of eternal time, and each of them has a scheduled orbital time of one saṁvatsara.

TEXT 14

TRANSLATION

There are five different names for the orbits of the sun, moon, stars and luminaries in the firmament, and they each have their own saṁvatsara.

PURPORT

The subject matters of physics, chemistry, mathematics, astronomy, time and space dealt with in the above verses of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam are certainly very interesting to students of the particular subject, but as far as we are concerned, we cannot explain them very thoroughly in terms of technical knowledge.

The subject is summarized by the statement that above all the different branches of knowledge is the supreme control of kāla, the plenary representation of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.

Nothing exists without Him, and therefore everything, however wonderful it may appear to our meager knowledge, is but the work of the magical wand of the Supreme Lord.

As far as time is concerned, we beg to subjoin herewith a table of timings in terms of the modern clock.

One truṭi-8/13,500second
One vedha-8/135second
One lava-8/45second
One nimeṣa-8/15second
One kṣaṇa-8/5second
One kāṣṭhā-8seconds
One laghu-2minutes
One daṇḍa-30minutes
One prahara-3hours
One day-2hours
One night-12hours
One pakṣa-15days

Two pakṣas comprise one month, and twelve months comprise one calendar year, or one full orbit of the sun. A human being is expected to live up to one hundred years. That is the way of the controlling measure of eternal time.

The Brahma-saṁhitā (5.52) affirms this control in this way:

yac-cakṣur eṣa savitā sakala-grahāṇāṁ
rājā samasta-sura-mūrtir aśeṣa-tejāḥ
yasyājñayā bhramati saṁbhṛta-kāla-cakro
govindam ādi-puruṣaṁ tam ahaṁ bhajāmi

“I worship Govinda, the primeval Lord, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, under whose control even the sun, which is considered to be the eye of the Lord, rotates within the fixed orbit of eternal time. The sun is the king of all planetary systems and has unlimited potency in heat and light.”

TEXT 15

TRANSLATION

O Vidura, the sun enlivens all living entities with his unlimited heat and light. He diminishes the duration of life of all living entities in order to release them from their illusion of material attachment, and he enlarges the path of elevation to the heavenly kingdom.

He thus moves in the firmament with great velocity, and therefore everyone should offer him respects once every five years with all ingredients of worship.

TEXT 16

TRANSLATION

Vidura said: I now understand the life durations of the residents of the Pitā planets and heavenly planets as well as that of the human beings. Now kindly inform me of the durations of life of those greatly learned living entities who are beyond the range of a kalpa.

PURPORT

The partial dissolution of the universe that takes place at the end of Brahmā’s day does not affect all the planetary systems. The planets of highly learned living entities like the sages Sanaka and Bhṛgu are not affected by the dissolutions of the millenniums.

All the planets are of different types, and each is controlled by a different kāla-cakra, or schedule of eternal time.

The time of the earth planet is not applicable to other, more elevated planets. Therefore, Vidura herein inquires about the duration of life on other planets.

TEXT 17

TRANSLATION

O spiritually powerful one, you can understand the movements of eternal time, which is the controlling form of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Because you are a self-realized person, you can see everything by the power of mystic vision.

PURPORT

Those who have reached the highest perfectional stage of mystic power and can see everything in the past, present and future are called tri-kāla-jñas.

Similarly, the devotees of the Lord can see everything clearly that is in the revealed scriptures. The devotees of Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa can very easily understand the science of Kṛṣṇa, as well as the situation of the material and spiritual creations, without difficulty.

Devotees do not have to endeavor for any yoga-siddhi, or perfection in mystic powers. They are competent to understand everything by the grace of the Lord, who is sitting in everyone’s heart.

TEXT 18

TRANSLATION

Maitreya said: O Vidura, the four millenniums are called the Satya, Tretā, Dvāpara and Kali yugas. The aggregate number of years of all of these combined is equal to twelve thousand years of the demigods.

PURPORT

The years of the demigods are equal to 360 years of humankind. As will be clarified in the subsequent verses, 12,000 of the demigods’ years, including the transitional periods which are called yuga-sandhyās, comprise the total of the aforementioned four millenniums.

Thus the aggregate of the above-mentioned four millenniums is 4,320,000 years.

TEXT 19

TRANSLATION

The duration of the Satya millennium equals 4,800 years of the years of the demigods;

the duration of the Dvāpara millennium equals 2,400 years;

and that of the Kali millennium is 1,200 years of the demigods.

PURPORT

As aforementioned, one year of the demigods is equal to 360 years of the human beings.

The duration of the Satya-yuga is therefore 4,800 x 360, or 1,728,000 years.

The duration of the Tretā-yuga is 3,600 x 360, or 1,296,000 years.

The duration of the Dvāpara-yuga is 2,400 x 360, or 864,000 years.

And the last, the Kali-yuga, is 1,200 x 360, or 432,000 years.

TEXT 20

TRANSLATION

The transitional periods before and after every millennium, which are a few hundred years as aforementioned, are known as yuga-sandhyās, or the conjunctions of two millenniums, according to the expert astronomers. In those periods all kinds of religious activities are performed.

TEXT 21

TRANSLATION

O Vidura, in the Satya millennium mankind properly and completely maintained the principles of religion, but in other millenniums religion gradually decreased by one part as irreligion was proportionately admitted.

PURPORT

In the Satya millennium, complete execution of religious principles prevailed. Gradually, the principles of religion decreased by one part in each of the subsequent millenniums. In other words, at present there is one part religion and three parts irreligion. Therefore people in this age are not very happy.

TEXT 22

TRANSLATION

Outside of the three planetary systems [Svarga, Martya and Pātāla], the four yugas multiplied by one thousand comprise one day on the planet of Brahmā. A similar period comprises a night of Brahmā, in which the creator of the universe goes to sleep.

PURPORT

When Brahmā goes to sleep in his nighttime, the three planetary systems below Brahmaloka are all submerged in the water of devastation. In his sleeping condition, Brahmā dreams about the Garbhodakaśāyī Viṣṇu and takes instruction from the Lord for the rehabilitation of the devastated area of space.

TEXT 23

TRANSLATION

After the end of Brahmā’s night, the creation of the three worlds begins again in the daytime of Brahmā, and they continue to exist through the life durations of fourteen consecutive Manus, or fathers of mankind.

PURPORT

At the end of the life of each Manu there are shorter dissolutions also.

TEXT 24

TRANSLATION

Each and every Manu enjoys a life of a little more than seventy-one sets of four millenniums.

PURPORT

The duration of life of a Manu comprises seventy-one sets of four millenniums, as described in the Viṣṇu Purāṇa. The duration of life of one Manu is about 852,000 years in the calculation of the demigods, or, in the calculation of human beings, 306,720,000 years.

TEXT 25

TRANSLATION

After the dissolution of each and every Manu, the next Manu comes in order, along with his descendants, who rule over the different planets; but the seven famous sages, and demigods like Indra and their followers, such as the Gandharvas, all appear simultaneously with Manu.

PURPORT

There are fourteen Manus in one day of Brahmā, and each of them has different descendants.

TEXT 26

TRANSLATION

In the creation, during Brahmā’s day, the three planetary systems—Svarga, Martya and Pātāla—revolve, and the inhabitants, including the lower animals, human beings, demigods and Pitās, appear and disappear in terms of their fruitive activities.

TEXT 27

TRANSLATION

In each and every change of Manu, the Supreme Personality of Godhead appears by manifesting His internal potency in different incarnations, as Manu and others. Thus He maintains the universe by discovered power.

TEXT 28

TRANSLATION

At the end of the day, under the insignificant portion of the mode of darkness, the powerful manifestation of the universe merges in the darkness of night. By the influence of eternal time, the innumerable living entities remain merged in that dissolution, and everything is silent.

PURPORT

This verse is an explanation of the night of Brahmā, which is the effect of the influence of time in touch with an insignificant portion of the modes of material nature in darkness.

The dissolution of the three worlds is effected by the incarnation of darkness, Rudra, represented by the fire of eternal time which blazes over the three worlds.

These three worlds are known as Bhūḥ, Bhuvaḥ and Svaḥ (Pātāla, Martya and Svarga). The innumerable living entities merge into that dissolution, which appears to be the dropping of the curtain of the scene of the Supreme Lord’s energy, and so everything becomes silent.

TEXT 29

TRANSLATION

When the night of Brahmā ensues, all the three worlds are out of sight, and the sun and the moon are without glare, just as in the due course of an ordinary night.

PURPORT

It is understood that the glare of the sun and moon disappear from the sphere of the three worlds, but the sun and the moon themselves do not vanish.

They appear in the remaining portion of the universe, which is beyond the sphere of the three worlds. The portion in dissolution remains without sunrays or moonglow.

It all remains dark and full of water, and there are indefatigable winds, as explained in the following verses.

TEXT 30

TRANSLATION

The devastation takes place due to the fire emanating from the mouth of Saṅkarṣaṇa, and thus great sages like Bhṛgu and other inhabitants of Maharloka transport themselves to Janaloka, being distressed by the warmth of the blazing fire which rages through the three worlds below.

TEXT 31

TRANSLATION

At the beginning of the devastation all the seas overflow, and hurricane winds blow very violently. Thus the waves of the seas become ferocious, and in no time at all the three worlds are full of water.

PURPORT

It is said that the blazing fire from the mouth of Saṅkarṣaṇa rages for one hundred years of the demigods, or 36,000 human years.

Then for another 36,000 years there are torrents of rain, accompanied by violent winds and waves, and the seas and oceans overflow.

These reactions of worlds. People forget all these devastations of the worlds and think themselves happy in the material progress of civilization. This is called māyā, or “that which is not.”

TEXT 32

TRANSLATION

The Supreme Lord, the Personality of Godhead, lies down in the water on the seat of Ananta, with His eyes closed, and the inhabitants of the Janaloka planets offer their glorious prayers unto the Lord with folded hands.

PURPORT

We should not understand the sleeping condition of the Lord to be the same as our sleep. Here the word yoga-nidrā is specifically mentioned, which indicates that the Lord’s sleeping condition is also a manifestation of His internal potency.

Whenever the word yoga is used it should be understood to refer to that which is transcendental. In the transcendental stage all activities are always present, and they are glorified by prayers of great sages like Bhṛgu.

TEXT 33

TRANSLATION

Thus the process of the exhaustion of the duration of life exists for every one of the living beings, including Lord Brahmā. One’s life endures for only one hundred years, in terms of the times in the different planets.

PURPORT

Every living being lives for one hundred years in terms of the times in different planets for different entities. These one hundred years of life are not equal in every case.

The longest duration of one hundred years belongs to Brahmā, but although the life of Brahmā is very long, it expires in the course of time. Brahmā is also afraid of his death, and thus he performs devotional service to the Lord, just to release himself from the clutches of illusory energy.

Animals, of course, have no sense of responsibility, but even humans, who have developed a sense of responsibility, while away their valuable time without engaging in devotional service to the Lord; they live merrily, unafraid of impending death. This is the madness of human society.

The madman has no responsibility in life. Similarly, a human being who does not develop a sense of responsibility before he dies is no better than the madman who tries to enjoy material life very happily without concern for the future.

It is necessary that every human being be responsible in preparing himself for the next life, even if he has a duration of life like that of Brahmā, the greatest of all living creatures within the universe.

TEXT 34

TRANSLATION

The one hundred years of Brahmā’s life are divided into two parts, the first half and the second half. The first half of the duration of Brahmā’s life is already over, and the second half is now current.

PURPORT

The duration of one hundred years in the life of Brahmā has already been discussed in many places in this work, and it is described in Bhagavad-gītā (8.17) also.

Fifty years of the life of Brahmā are already over, and fifty years are yet to be completed; then, for Brahmā also, death is inevitable.

TEXT 35

TRANSLATION

In the beginning of the first half of Brahmā’s life, there was a millennium called Brāhma-kalpa, wherein Lord Brahmā appeared. The birth of the Vedas was simultaneous with Brahmā’s birth.

PURPORT

According to Padma Purāṇa (Prabhāsa-khaṇḍa), in thirty days of Brahmā many kalpas take place, such as the Varāha-kalpa and Pitṛ-kalpa. Thirty days make one month of Brahmā, beginning from the full moon to the disappearance of the moon.

Twelve such months complete one year, and fifty years complete one parārdha, or one half the duration of the life of Brahmā. The Śveta-varāha appearance of the Lord is the first birthday of Brahmā.

The birth date of Brahmā is in the month of March, according to Hindu astronomical calculation. This statement is reproduced from the explanation of Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī Ṭhākura.

TEXT 36

TRANSLATION

The millennium which followed the first Brāhma millennium is known as the Pādma-kalpa because in that millennium the universal lotus flower grew out of the navel reservoir of water of the Personality of Godhead, Hari.

PURPORT

The millennium following the Brāhma-kalpa is known as the Pādma-kalpa because the universal lotus grows in that millennium. The Pādma-kalpa is also called the Pitṛ-kalpa in certain Purāṇas.

TEXT 37

TRANSLATION

O descendant of Bharata, the first millennium in the second half of the life of Brahmā is also known as the Vārāha millennium because the Personality of Godhead appeared in that millennium as the hog incarnation.

PURPORT

The different millenniums known as the Brāhma, Pādma and Vārāha kalpas appear a little puzzling for the layman. There are some scholars who think these kalpas to be one and the same.

According to Śrīla Viśvanātha Cakravartī, the Brāhma-kalpa in the beginning of the first half appears to be the Pādma-kalpa.

We can, however, simply abide by the text and understand that the present millennium is in the second half of the duration of the life of Brahmā.

TEXT 38

TRANSLATION

The duration of the two parts of Brahmā’s life, as above mentioned, is calculated to be equal to one nimeṣa [less than a second] for the Supreme Personality of Godhead, who is unchanging and unlimited and is the cause of all causes of the universe.

PURPORT

The great sage Maitreya has given a considerable description of the time of different dimensions, beginning from the atom up to the duration of the life of Brahmā.

Now he attempts to give some idea of the time of the unlimited Personality of Godhead. He just gives a hint of His unlimited time by the standard of the life of Brahmā.

The entire duration of the life of Brahmā is calculated to be less than a second of the Lord’s time, and it is explained in the Brahma-saṁhitā (5.48) as follows:

yasyaika-niśvasita-kālam athāvalambya
jīvanti loma-vilajā jagad-aṇḍa-nāthāḥ
viṣṇur mahān sa iha yasya kalā-viśeṣo
govindam ādi-puruṣaṁ tam ahaṁ bhajāmi

“I worship Govinda, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the cause of all causes, whose plenary portion is Mahā-Viṣṇu. All the heads of the innumerable universes [the Brahmās] live only by taking shelter of the time occupied by one of His breaths.”

The impersonalists do not believe in the form of the Lord, and thus they would hardly believe in the Lord’s sleeping. Their idea is obtained by a poor fund of knowledge; they calculate everything in terms of man’s capacity.

They think that the existence of the Supreme is just the opposite of active human existence; because the human being has senses, the Supreme must be without sense perception; because the human being has a form, the Supreme must be formless; and because the human being sleeps, the Supreme must not sleep.

Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, however, does not agree with such impersonalists. It is clearly stated herein that the Supreme Lord rests in yoga-nidrā, as previously discussed. And because He sleeps, naturally He must breathe, and the Brahma-saṁhitā confirms that within His breathing period innumerable Brahmās take birth and die.

There is complete agreement between Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam and the Brahma-saṁhitā. Eternal time is never lost along with the life of Brahmā.

It continues, but it has no ability to control the Supreme Personality of Godhead because the Lord is the controller of time. In the spiritual world there is undoubtedly time, but it has no control over activities.

Time is unlimited, and the spiritual world is also unlimited, since everything there exists on the absolute plane.

TEXT 39

TRANSLATION

Eternal time is certainly the controller of different dimensions, from that of the atom up to the superdivisions of the duration of Brahmā’s life; but, nevertheless, it is controlled by the Supreme. Time can control only those who are body conscious, even up to the Satyaloka or the other higher planets of the universe.

TEXT 40

TRANSLATION

This phenomenal material world is expanded to a diameter of four billion miles, as a combination of eight material elements transformed into sixteen further categories, within and without, as follows.

PURPORT

As explained before, the entire material world is a display of sixteen diversities and eight material elements.

The analytical studies of the material world are the subject matter of Sāṅkhya philosophy.

The first sixteen diversities are the eleven senses and five sense objects, and the eight elements are the gross and subtle matter, namely earth, water, fire, air, sky, mind, intelligence and ego.

All these combined together are distributed throughout the entire universe, which extends diametrically to four billion miles. Besides this universe of our experience, there are innumerable other universes.

Some of them are bigger than the present one, and all of them are clustered together under similar material elements as described below.

TEXT 41

TRANSLATION

The layers or elements covering the universes are each ten times thicker than the one before, and all the universes clustered together appear like atoms in a huge combination.

PURPORT

The coverings of the universes are also constituted of the elements of earth, water, fire, air and ether, and each is ten times thicker than the one before. The first covering of the universe is earth, and it is ten times thicker than the universe itself.

If the universe is four billion miles in size, then the size of the earthly covering of the universe is four billion times ten.

The covering of water is ten times greater than the earthly covering, the covering of fire is ten times greater than the watery covering, the covering of air is ten times greater than that of the fire, the covering of ether is ten times greater still than that of air, and so on.

The universe within the coverings of matter appears to be like an atom in comparison to the coverings, and the number of universes is unknown even to those who can estimate the coverings of the universes.

TEXT 42

TRANSLATION

The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Śrī Kṛṣṇa, is therefore said to be the original cause of all causes. Thus the spiritual abode of Viṣṇu is eternal without a doubt, and it is also the abode of Mahā-Viṣṇu, the origin of all manifestations.

PURPORT

Lord Mahā-Viṣṇu, who is resting in yoga-nidrā on the Causal Ocean and creating innumerable universes by His breathing process, only temporarily appears in the mahat-tattva for the temporary manifestation of the material worlds.

He is a plenary portion of Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa, and thus although He is nondifferent from Lord Kṛṣṇa, His formal appearance in the material world as an incarnation is temporary.

The original form of the Personality of Godhead is actually the svarūpa, or real form, and He eternally resides in the Vaikuṇṭha world (Viṣṇuloka).

The word mahātmanaḥ is used here to indicate Mahā-Viṣṇu, and His real manifestation is Lord Kṛṣṇa, who is called parama, as confirmed in the Brahma-saṁhitā:

īśvaraḥ paramaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ
sac-cid-ānanda-vigrahaḥ
anādir ādir govindaḥ
sarva-kāraṇa-kāraṇam
[Bs. 5.1]

“The Supreme Lord is Kṛṣṇa, the original Personality of Godhead known as Govinda. His form is eternal, full of bliss and knowledge, and He is the original cause of all causes.”

Thus end the Bhaktivedanta purports of the Third Canto, Eleventh Chapter, of the Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, entitled “Calculation of Time, From the Atom.”

Wednesday, May 8, 2019

"The Orbits of the Planets" Srimad Bhagavatam Canto 5 Chapter 22 text 1 to text 17.

By His Divine Grace A.C Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada.

In this chapter the orbits of the planets are described. According to the movements of the moon and other planets, all the inhabitants of the universe are prone to auspicious and inauspicious situations. This is referred to as the influence of the stars.

The sun-god, who controls the affairs of the entire universe, especially in regard to heat, light, seasonal changes and so on, is considered an expansion of Nārāyaṇa. 

He represents the three Vedas — Ṛg, Yajur and Sāma — and therefore he is known as Trayīmaya, the form of Lord Nārāyaṇa.

Sometimes the sun-god is also called Sūrya Nārāyaṇa. The sun-god has expanded himself in twelve divisions, and thus he controls the six seasonal changes and causes winter, summer, rain and so on.

Yogīs and karmīs following the varṇāśrama institution, who practice haṭha or aṣṭāṅga-yoga or who perform agnihotra sacrifices, worship Sūrya Nārāyaṇa for their own benefit. 

The demigod Sūrya is always in touch with the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Nārāyaṇa.

Residing in outer space, which is in the middle of the universe, between Bhūloka and Bhuvarloka, the sun rotates through the time circle of the zodiac, represented by twelve rāśis, or signs, and assumes different names according to the sign he is in.

For the moon, every month is divided into two fortnights. Similarly, according to solar calculations, a month is equal to the time the sun spends in one constellation; two months constitute one season, and there are twelve months in a year.

The entire area of the sky is divided into two halves, each representing an ayana, the course traversed by the sun within a period of six months. The sun travels sometimes slowly, sometimes swiftly and sometimes at a moderate speed.

In this way it travels within the three worlds, consisting of the heavenly planets, the earthly planets and outer space. 

These orbits are referred to by great learned scholars by the names Saṁvatsara, Parivatsara, Iḍāvatsara, Anuvatsara and Vatsara.

The moon is situated 100,000 yojanas (800,000 miles) above the rays of the sunshine. Day and night on the heavenly planets and Pitṛloka are calculated according to its waning and waxing.

Above the moon by a distance of 200,000 yojanas (1,600,000 miles) are some stars, and above these stars is Śukra-graha (Venus), whose influence is always auspicious for the inhabitants of the entire universe.

Above Śukra-graha by 200,000 yojanas (1,600,000 miles) is Budha-graha (Mercury), whose influence is sometimes auspicious and sometimes inauspicious. Next, above Budha-graha by 200,000 yojanas (1,600,000 miles), is Aṅgāraka (Mars), which almost always has an unfavorable influence.

Above Aṅgāraka by another 200,000 yojanas (1,600,000 miles) is the planet called Bṛhaspati-graha (Jupiter), which is always very favorable for qualified brāhmaṇas.

Above Bṛhaspati-graha is the planet Śanaiścara (Saturn), which is very inauspicious, and above Saturn is a group of seven stars occupied by great saintly persons who are always thinking of the welfare of the entire universe. 

These seven stars circumambulate Dhruvaloka, which is the residence of Lord Viṣṇu within this universe.




SB 5.22.1

King Parīkṣit inquired from Śukadeva Gosvāmī: My dear lord, you have already affirmed the truth that the supremely powerful sun-god travels around Dhruvaloka with both Dhruvaloka and Mount Sumeru on his right.

Yet at the same time the sun-god faces the signs of the zodiac and keeps Sumeru and Dhruvaloka on his left. How can we reasonably accept that the sun-god proceeds with Sumeru and Dhruvaloka on both his left and right simultaneously?

SB 5.22.2

Śrī Śukadeva Gosvāmī clearly answered: When a potter’s wheel is moving and small ants located on that big wheel are moving with it, one can see that their motion is different from that of the wheel because they appear sometimes on one part of the wheel and sometimes on another.

Similarly, the signs and constellations, with Sumeru and Dhruvaloka on their right, move with the wheel of time, and the antlike sun and other planets move with them.

The sun and planets, however, are seen in different signs and constellations at different times. This indicates that their motion is different from that of the zodiac and the wheel of time itself.

SB 5.22.3

The original cause of the cosmic manifestation is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Nārāyaṇa. When great saintly persons, fully aware of the Vedic knowledge, offered prayers to the Supreme Person, He descended to this material world in the form of the sun to benefit all the planets and purify fruitive activities.

He divided Himself into twelve parts and created seasonal forms, beginning with spring. In this way He created the seasonal qualities, such as heat, cold and so on.

SB 5.22.4

According to the system of four varṇas and four āśramas, people generally worship the Supreme Personality of Godhead, Nārāyaṇa, who is situated as the sun-god. With great faith they worship the Supreme Personality as the Supersoul according to ritualistic ceremonies handed down in the three Vedas, such as agnihotra and similar higher and lower fruitive acts, and according to the process of mystic yoga. 

In this way they very easily attain the ultimate goal of life.

SB 5.22.5

The sun-god, who is Nārāyaṇa, or Viṣṇu, the soul of all the worlds, is situated in outer space between the upper and lower portions of the universe. 

Passing through twelve months on the wheel of time, the sun comes in touch with twelve different signs of the zodiac and assumes twelve different names according to those signs.

The aggregate of those twelve months is called a saṁvatsara, or an entire year. 

According to lunar calculations, two fortnights — one of the waxing moon and the other of the waning — form one month.

That same period is one day and night for the planet Pitṛloka. According to stellar calculations, a month equals two and one quarter constellations. 

When the sun travels for two months, a season passes, and therefore the seasonal changes are considered parts of the body of the year.

SB 5.22.6

Thus the time the sun takes to rotate through half of outer space is called an ayana, or its period of movement [in the north or in the south].

SB 5.22.7

The sun-god has three speeds — slow, fast and moderate. The time he takes to travel entirely around the spheres of heaven, earth and space at these three speeds is referred to, by learned scholars, by the five names 

Saṁvatsara, 
Parivatsara, 
Iḍāvatsara, 
Anuvatsara,
Vatsara.

Purport:

According to solar astronomical calculations, each year extends six days beyond the calendar year, and according to lunar calculations, each year is six days shorter. 

Therefore, because of the movements of the sun and moon, there is a difference of twelve days between the solar and lunar years.

As the Saṁvatsara, Parivatsara, Iḍāvatsara, Anuvatsara and Vatsara pass by, two extra months are added within each five years. 

This makes a sixth saṁvatsara, but because that saṁvatsara is extra, the solar system is calculated according to the above five names.

SB 5.22.8

Above the rays of the sunshine by a distance of 100,000 yojanas [800,000 miles] is the moon, which travels at a speed faster than that of the sun. 

In two lunar fortnights the moon travels through the equivalent of a saṁvatsara of the sun, in two and a quarter days it passes through a month of the sun, and in one day it passes through a fortnight of the sun.

Purport:

When we take into account that the moon is 100,000 yojanas, or 800,000 miles, above the rays of the sunshine, it is very surprising that the modern excursions to the moon could be possible. 

Since the moon is so distant, how space vehicles could go there is a doubtful mystery.

Modern scientific calculations are subject to one change after another, and therefore they are uncertain. We have to accept the calculations of the Vedic literature.

These Vedic calculations are steady; the astronomical calculations made long ago and recorded in the Vedic literature are correct even now. 

Whether the Vedic calculations or modern ones are better may remain a mystery for others, but as far as we are concerned, we accept the Vedic calculations to be correct.

SB 5.22.9

When the moon is waxing, the illuminating portions of it increase daily, thus creating day for the demigods and night for the pitās. 

When the moon is waning, however, it causes night for the demigods and day for the pitās.

In this way the moon passes through each constellation of stars in thirty muhūrtas [an entire day]. 

The moon is the source of nectarean coolness that influences the growth of food grains, and therefore the moon-god is considered the life of all living entities. 

He is consequently called Jīva, the chief living being within the universe.

SB 5.22.10

Because the moon is full of all potentialities, it represents the influence of the Supreme Personality of Godhead. 

The moon is the predominating deity of everyone’s mind, and therefore the moon-god is called Manomaya. 

He is also called Annamaya because he gives potency to all herbs and plants, and he is called Amṛtamaya because he is the source of life for all living entities.

The moon pleases the demigods, pitās, human beings, animals, birds, reptiles, trees, plants and all other living entities. 

Everyone is satisfied by the presence of the moon. Therefore the moon is also called Sarvamaya [all-pervading].

SB 5.22.11

There are many stars located 200,000 yojanas [1,600,000 miles] above the moon. 

By the supreme will of the Supreme Personality of Godhead, they are fixed to the wheel of time, and thus they rotate with Mount Sumeru on their right, their motion being different from that of the sun. 

There are twenty-eight important stars, headed by Abhijit.

Purport:

The stars referred to herein are 1,600,000 miles above the sun, and thus they are 4,000,000 miles above the earth.

SB 5.22.12

Some 1,600,000 miles above this group of stars is the planet Venus, which moves at almost exactly the same pace as the sun according to swift, slow and moderate movements. 

Sometimes Venus moves behind the sun, sometimes in front of the sun and sometimes along with it.

Venus nullifies the influence of planets that are obstacles to rainfall. 

Consequently its presence causes rainfall, and it is therefore considered very favorable for all living beings within this universe. 

This has been accepted by learned scholars.

SB 5.22.13

Mercury is described to be similar to Venus, in that it moves sometimes behind the sun, sometimes in front of the sun and sometimes along with it. 

It is 1,600,000 miles above Venus, or 7,200,000 miles above earth.

Mercury, which is the son of the moon, is almost always very auspicious for the inhabitants of the universe, but when it does not move along with the sun, it forbodes cyclones, dust, irregular rainfall, and waterless clouds. 

In this way it creates fearful conditions due to inadequate or excessive rainfall.

SB 5.22.14

Situated 1,600,000 miles above Mercury, or 8,800,000 miles above earth, is the planet Mars. 

If this planet does not travel in a crooked way, it crosses through each sign of the zodiac in three fortnights and in this way travels through all twelve, one after another. 

It almost always creates unfavorable conditions in respect to rainfall and other influences.

SB 5.22.15

Situated 1,600,000 miles above Mars, or 10,400,000 miles above earth, is the planet Jupiter, which travels through one sign of the zodiac within the period of a Parivatsara. 

If its movement is not curved, the planet Jupiter is very favorable to the brāhmaṇas of the universe.

SB 5.22.16

Situated 1,600,000 miles above Jupiter, or 12,000,000 miles above earth, is the planet Saturn, which passes through one sign of the zodiac in thirty months and covers the entire zodiac circle in thirty Anuvatsaras. This planet is always very inauspicious for the universal situation.

SB 5.22.17

Situated 8,800,000 miles above Saturn, or 20,800,000 miles above earth, are the seven saintly sages, who are always thinking of the well-being of the inhabitants of the universe. 

They circumambulate the supreme abode of Lord Viṣṇu, known as Dhruvaloka, the polestar.

Purport:

Śrīla Madhvācārya quotes the following verse from the Brahmāṇḍa Purāṇa:

jñānānandātmano viṣṇuḥ
śiśumāra-vapuṣy atha
ūrdhva-lokeṣu sa vyāpta
ādityādyās tad-āśritā

"Lord Viṣṇu, who is the source of knowledge and transcendental bliss, has assumed the form of Śiśumāra in the seventh heaven, which is situated in the topmost level of the universe. 

All the other planets, beginning with the sun, exist under the shelter of this Śiśumāra planetary system." (Bhaktivedanta purports of the Fifth Canto, Twenty-second Chapter, of Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam, entitled "The Orbits of the Planets.")





Bhugola means round, NOT like a plate, but spherical or like a globe.

Bhugola means round, NOT like a plate, but spherical or like a globe.

The great Brahmanda Universe or the spherical dome that our small 4 billion mile diameter Bhu-mandala universe is deep inside of,  is only one of billions coming from the pores and breathing of Maha Vishnu.


This single material universe we are in, that is deep inside a Brahmanda greater Universe, is known as Bhu-mandala (the greater earth Mandala) and is 4 billion miles in diameter and has 14 different different Planetary Systems in it.

This "great earth Mandala" or Bhu-Mandala, is NOT to be confused with the "small Earth Mandala" know as the "earth global sphere" we live on.

Bhugola means round and spherical like a globe.

Bhugola is a description of the celestial Brahmanda egg shaped Universe that describes it as almost a spherical globe that our Bhu-mandala universe exists deep inside it.

This means our Brahmanda looks almost like a round global sphere (Bhugola)


Furthermore, the Bhu-Mandala secondary inner smaller Universe that is deep inside our Brahmanda, is also described as Bhugola (round, egg shaped and almost spherical also in sastra).

Bhu-gola describes the Earth we live on as a "round global sphere" that is just a small insignificant planet in Bhu-Mandala's 14 Planetary Systems called Bhurloka. The Bhu-Mandala Universe is situated deep inside the surrounding Brahmanda that encases Bhu-Mandala.

The enormous Brahmanda encases and surrounds our small Bhu-mandala Universe.


1 - The greater Brahmanda Universe is spherical.
2 - The Bhu-Mandala inner Universe (the great earth mandala) is spherical
3 - The earth planet (the small earth mandala) we live on is also spherical round globe.

Bhu-gola describes all three as being "round and spherical".

The earth globe or earth Mandala, is much smaller than Bhu-Mandala, the greater Bhu-gola encasing the Bhu-mandala universe

Srimad Bhagavatam's 5th Canto describes the Bhu-Mandala Universe inside the Brahmanda as being 500 000 000 yojana in diameter (4 billion miles).

Srimad Bhagavatam. 05.20.38:

Translation

Learned scholars who are free from mistakes, illusions, and propensities to cheat have thus described the planetary systems and their particular symptoms, measurements, and locations. With great deliberation, they have established the truth that the distance between Sumeru and the mountain known as Lokāloka is one fourth of the diameter of the universe — or, in other words, 125,000,000 yojanas [1 billion miles]

CC Madhya 21.84

Translation: (Speaking to our Brahma)

“Kṛṣṇa said, ‘Your particular universe has a diameter of four billion miles; therefore it is the smallest of all the universes. Consequently, you have only four heads.

Explanation:

We can see that the two words ‘Bhu-gola’ and Brahmanda’ mean the same, this Universe and the earth are both globes.

Lets make it clear, ‘Bhu-gola’ refers to the earth global sphere we live on as well as well.

Thus the size our "inner Bhu-Mandala Universe", that is deep inside our Brahmanda, is also ‘Bhu-gola’ or sometimes refered to as a Celestial egg is: pancaśat koti yojana – 500’000’000 yojana* 8 miles = 4 billions miles in diameter - panćasat = 50 koti = 10’000’000 yojana = 8 miles

So our small Earth global sphere is NOT the 4 billion miles diameter Bhu-mandala Universe. And our small earth planet is NOT flat as fools believe, such an idea is nonsense!

Therefore referring to Earth also as Bhū-gola is the correct understanding because the earth planet IS a round global sphere in space.

Bhu-gola therefore also describes the Earth globe, which is much smaller than the "Bhu-gola Bhu-mandala Universe" that is deep within our massive Brahmanda.

Then there is the size of all the 7 material elements of the Brahmanda Bhū-gola that surround and encase this small 4 billion size material universe we are in.  (44 quadrillion 444 trillion 444 billion miles in diameter).

A Brahmāṇḍa Universe means a material universe, of which there are billions, all coming from Maha Vishnu.

The full size of our Brahmanda including the inner Bhu-mandala 4 billion mile size universe inside it, is 44 quadrillion 444 trillion 444 billion miles in diameter

According to Srimad Bhagavatam's 5th Canto, there are 14 Planetary Systems in our in our 4 billion mile diameter Bhu-Mandala Universe, but the amount may be different in others.






Within the stem of the lotus coming from the naval of Garbhodakashayi Vishnu, there are fourteen divisions of planetary systems created by Lord Brahma, and our earth spherical planet is situated in the middle of the stem.

Srila Prabhupada - ''We have to imagine that these universes (Brahmandas), which according to our limited knowledge are expanded unlimitedly, are so great that the gross and subtle ingredients—the five elements of the cosmic manifestation, namely

1 - Earth,
2 - Water,
3 - Fire,
4 - Air,
5 - Sky,
6 - Total material energy,
7 - False ego.

All are not only within the universe but cover the universe in seven layers, each layer ten times bigger than the previous one.

In this way, each and every universe is very securely packed, and there are numberless universes. All these universes float within the innumerable pores of the transcendental body of Mahā-Viṣṇu.

It is stated that just as the atoms and particles of dust are floating within the air along with the birds and their number cannot be calculated, so innumerable universes are floating within the pores of the transcendental body of the Lord. For this reason, the Vedas say that God is beyond the grasp of our knowledge. '' Krsna Book 87

The ''spherical dome'' (Brahmanda) mentioned in Srimad Bhagavatam Canto 2 Chapter 7 Text 1 is the Celestial egg that the inner 4 billion mile diameter  Bhu-mandala universe is encased in and surrounded by.

This celestial egg, spherical dome Brahmanda Universe is one of billions that come from the Body of Maha Vishnu within which innumerable planetary systems exist.

Bhu-mandala is not the small earth globe however sometimes Bhu-mandala is called the ''great earth mandala'' meaning the 4 billion mile diameter Bhu-Mandala including its 14 planetary systems which our earth globe is one of them.

Srila Prabhupada - "The planets are called dvīpas. Outer space is like an ocean of air. Just as there are islands in the watery ocean, these planets in the ocean of space are called dvīpas, or islands in outer space". CC Madhya 20.218, Purport.

Our earth globe along with the 14 planetary systems are within the Bhu-mandala universe that exists with the lotus stem coming from the naval of Garbhodakashayi Vishnu .

As far as planets like earth being a round global sphere that is explained here -

Srila Prabhupada - "Only under certain conditions do the planets float as ''weightless balls in the air'', and as soon as these conditions are disturbed, the planets may fall down in the Garbhodaka Ocean, which covers half the universe.

The other half is the "spherical dome" (This aspect of the ''spherical dome'' is the inner barrier of the great Brahmanda or Celestial egg that the 4 million mile sized Bhu-mandala universe is encased in. This celestial egg or Brahmanda is one of billions that come from the Body of Maha Vishnu) within which the innumerable planetary systems exist. Śrīmad-Bhāgavatam Canto 2 Chapter 7 Text 1

The question is oftened asked - ''Does Bhu Mandala mean the complete earth planet?

No it does not!

Many so called scholars suggest this but they are wrong. Bhu mandala means the size of the complete inner universe we live in which is 4 billion mile in expanse that includes many other planets, our earth globe is way too small to be Bhu-mandala.

The late Sadaputa dasa Richard L. Thompson ACBSP - PhD compares this ”greater earth mandala” to our solar system and NOT our small earth globe we live on which is a round global sphere.

However, his observation is incorrect and needs more research. According to modern science our Solar System is about 22 billion miles in diameter.

The Vedic Universe created by Lord Brahma is 4 billion miles in diameter according to the 5th Canto of Srimad Bhagavatam which, as far as my research is concerned, does not seem right and is way too small therefore the measurements in Srimad Bhagavatam need to be properly decoded.

We know the Sun is NOT 800,000 miles above the earth or the Sun is further away from earth than the moon as claimed in Srimad Bhagavatam, so all measurements in Srimad Bhagavatam need to be properly decoded and understood.

If you kept going through space in this single material universe to the boundaries  of Bhu-mandala where the great Lokaloka mountain range exists,  it is almost a total of 4 billion miles in size, eventually you would run into a solid barrier of Earth and rock at its edges.

The first covering of the universe is earth, and is ten times thicker than the universe itself. If the universe is four billion miles in size, then the size of the earthly covering of the universe is four billion times ten which is 40 billion miles thick.

The TOVP will strictly go with the Srimad Bhagavatam view that this material universe, one of millions, is only 4 billion miles in diameter thatnnis deep within the surrounding Brahmanda egg shape material Universe.

All outside other Brahmanda universes can not be seen from within our Brahmanda universe due to the many layers of matter separating our universe from other universes coming from the Body of Maha Vishnu.

The open space inner deep within our Brahmanda is where our single material universe called Bhu-Mandala and its 14 Planetary Systems exist.

The first covering of this single Bhu-Mandala material universe we are in at its Lokaloka boundary is earth or solid rock 40 billion miles thick and that’s just very insignificantly small first covering.

The total barrier of earth, water, fire, air, sky, total material energy, false ego and ether is 44 quadrillion 444 Trillion 444 billion miles in diameter and deep inside the Brahmanda is the small 4 billion mile diameter single material universe we live in as explained.

We also cannot see the other billions of material universes (Brahmanda) outside our own.

Many presently cannot answer what the galaxies the Hubble and Chandra telescopes are seeing, said to be 93 billion light years away, they can only speculate, some say ridiculous things but actually no one presently knows or fully understands what are all the galaxies that are seemingly way, way beyond the insignificant 4 billion miles away.

In fact scientists believe the observable universe to be 93 billion light years in diameter.

Another answer to this massive size is the material universes can be likened to a ”hall of mirrors” that creates the illusion the material universe is way bigger than it really is, even some scientist now admit this may be a fact.

This ”hall of mirrors” gives the impression our single material universe is a lot bigger than what it is which is 4 billion miles according to Bhagavat Purana (Srimad Bhagavatam)

Many of the galaxies we see in our small 4 billion sized universe maybe due to the ”hall of mirrors” effect meaning what we are seeing is a ''reflection of our own Bhu-mandala universes 14 Planetary Systems reflecting back on itself''.

The galaxies we think we are seeing in actual fact are ghost galaxies, reflected Planetary Systems or even mirages generated from the Hubble and Chandra Telescopes itself from our own milky way or stars in the sky

We know we cannot see outside our 44 quadrillion 444 trillion 444 billion mile diameter covering of our Brahmanda and see other universal Brahmandas, however, it is said great devotees like Naradha Muni and some great yogis can travel through all layers of this Brahmanda at the speed on mind and see the vast material universe with billions of Brahmandas in it some millions of times bigger than our own.

Our Brahma has four heads that gives indication on how big our universe is however there are other Brahmas that have 100 heads, 1000 heads, 10,000 heads even a million heads which means some Universal Brahmandas are hundreds of thousand of times bigger than ours.

The coverings of the universes are also constituted of the elements of earth, water, fire, air and ether, and each is ten times thicker than the one before. The first covering of the universe is earth, and it is ten times thicker than the universe itself.

On the mundane level with present day space crafts it take 8 years to travel 4 billion miles (58,000 kilometers per hour (36,000 mph)

Śrīmad Bhāgavatam 3.11.40

This phenomenal material world is expanded to a diameter of four billion miles, as a combination of eight material elements transformed into sixteen further categories, within and without, as follows.

PURPORT

As explained before, the entire material world is a display of sixteen diversities and eight material elements. The analytical studies of the material world are the subject matter of Sāńkhya philosophy.

The first sixteen diversities are the eleven senses and five sense objects, and the eight elements are the gross and subtle matter, namely earth, water, fire, air, sky, mind, intelligence and ego.

All these combined together are distributed throughout the entire universe, which extends diametrically to four billion miles.

Besides this universe of our experience, there are innumerable other universes. Some of them are bigger than the present one, and all of them are clustered together under similar material elements as described below.

Śrīmad Bhāgavatam 3.11.41

TRANSLATION

The layers or elements covering the universes are each ten times thicker than the one before, and all the universes clustered together appear like atoms in a huge combination.

PURPORT

The coverings of the universes are also constituted of the elements of earth, water, fire, air and ether, and each is ten times thicker than the one before. The first covering of the universe is earth, and it is ten times thicker than the universe itself.

If the universe is four billion miles in size, then the size of the earthly covering of the universe is four billion times ten.

The covering of water is ten times greater than the earthly covering, the covering of fire is ten times greater than the watery covering, the covering of air is ten times greater than that of the fire, the covering of ether is ten times greater still than that of air, and so on.

The universe within the coverings of matter appears to be like an atom in comparison to the coverings, and the number of universes is unknown even to those who can estimate the coverings of the universes.

Śrīmad Bhāgavatam 3.11.42

TRANSLATION

The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Śrī Kṛṣṇa, is therefore said to be the original cause of all causes. Thus the spiritual abode of Viṣṇu is eternal without a doubt, and it is also the abode of Mahā-Viṣṇu, the origin of all manifestations.

PURPORT

Lord Mahā-Viṣṇu, who is resting in yoga-nidrā on the Causal Ocean and creating innumerable universes by His breathing process, only temporarily appears in the mahat-tattva for the temporary manifestation of the material worlds.

He is a plenary portion of Lord Śrī Kṛṣṇa, and thus although He is nondifferent from Lord Kṛṣṇa, His formal appearance in the material world as an incarnation is temporary.

The original form of the Personality of Godhead is actually the svarūpa, or real form, and He eternally resides in the Vaikuṇṭha world (Viṣṇuloka).

The word mahātmanaḥ is used here to indicate Mahā-Viṣṇu, and His real manifestation is Lord Kṛṣṇa, who is called parama, as confirmed in the Brahma-saḿhitā:

īśvaraḥ paramaḥ kṛṣṇaḥ
sac-cid-ānanda-vigrahaḥ
anādir ādir govindaḥ
sarva-kāraṇa-kāraṇam

[Bs. 5.1]

“The Supreme Lord is Kṛṣṇa, the original Personality of Godhead known as Govinda. His form is eternal, full of bliss and knowledge, and He is the original cause of all causes.”

Sunday, May 5, 2019

Can women take Sannyas in ISKCON? (International Society for Krishna Consciousness)

Can women take Sannyas?


Srila Prabhupada explains -

Srila Prabhupada - “A female is never awarded the order of Sannyasam. Because a female is never considered independent and Sannyasam was never awarded to any female in the past by the great Acaryas like Sankara, Ramanuja etc.

The female Sannyasins are to be immediately understood as pretenders or prostitutes. In India they have organized so many organizations where specially young females are maintained to attract rich women-hunters who pretend to pose as righteous in the society.

This is the age of Kali which plunders away spiritual sense of the human being and it is only the Divine Grace of Lord Caitanya Who can protect us from all these dangerous pitfalls.” (Letter to Brahmananda, 14th March, 1967)

In ISKCON women sannyasis are forbidden by Srila Prabhupada himself, ISKCON's founder Acharya!!

And women sannyasis never existed in the Gaudiya Math when Srila Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati Thakur, their founder Acharya and Prabhupada's Guru, was here, even when he said a qualified women could take sannyas.

The fact is, he NEVER gave sannyas to a women because none WERE qualified, that is his example.

Sannyas does have different views in the past

Even Bhaktivinode Thakur has written qualified women can take sannys too, however, the evidence is to the contrary is overwhelming. Many say Bhaktivenode said that as to point out women are NOT qualified because he also never gave a women sannyas.

So what he and Srila Bhatta Goswami, who also wrote qualified women can take sannyas, should CLEARLY be taken with a very small grain of salt, and not seized to overhaul what is already well established by ISKCON.

Which is women should NOT take the sannyasa order.

We are not the cloths we wear just like we are NOT these material bodies!!

We are NOT these material bodies!!

This temporary material creation is constantly in a state of decay, decline and always in need of constant repair and rebuilding.

The truth is, this constantly changing place is NOT our real home to begin with!

We are NOT the bodily vessels we foolishly think is us.




We are NOT these material bodies that we are actually in. To believe it is, is the second greatest illusionn in this material world.

The greatest illusion is that despite the fact people are dying all around us, we foolishly think that won't happen to me.

Nothing lasts here within these material universes!!

Everything fades away over time because all material things, including our material bodily vessels we are in, are constantly in a state of decay and in need of constant maintenance.

This material universe is always in a state of dis-repair and decline, it is simply NOT our real home, we should not even be here in these temperory decaying material bodily vessels!!

It was a foolish mistake we chose to came here in the first place!!

The fact is, we can never find permanent satisfaction and happiness in this alien always changing environment called the material creation.

Only fools try to find comfort, permanent pleasure and happyness in these temporary material bodily containers that eventually grow old, diseased and putrid ending up being food for maggots and worms.





Therefore, the REAL goal of human life is to realize coming here was a big mistake and one should immediately GET OUT OF THIS MATERIAL UNIVERSE AND BODY instead of trying to make ourselves comfortable here!

Our only desire should be to go back home back to Godhead (Vaikuntha) and NOT be side tracked bybthe glare of the higher temperory material heavenly planets or being born in wealthy pious families within this mundane material universe.

We should be learning from a very young age we are the individual jiva-soul within these material bodily containers and NOT the material body.

We should also learn that material endeavor’s for wealth and fame will not solve the problems of birth, disease, old age and death, such desires will only rivert us into material attachment and bondage.

It must be emphasized the purpose of this very rare human form of life is to get out of this material world and NOT try and build the kingdom of God without God like the Kali-yuga Governments around the world are attemping today.

Such endevours will never succeed in the material ujiverses as Prabhupada explains here -

Srila Prabhupada - ''When the superior energy is in contact with inferior energy, it becomes an incompatible situation. But when the supreme marginal potency is in contact with the spiritual potency, Harā, it becomes the happy, normal condition of the living entity''. (The "Happening Album" December 1966 New York City USA)








The truth about karma (reactions to one's pious and impious deeds) in the material creation is NOT eternal!! Only a cruel uncaring nonsense nasty God would preach "eternal damnation" and "eternal suffering in hell"


It is one's actions good, bad and inbetween that put the individual jivatma in an endless variety of material bodily vessels life after life.

This constant desire and search for happyness in the material universe is governed by a code of conduct that rewards the jivatma with a range of punishments and rewards based on one's good and bad deeds (actions) while in a human material body.

Only the "human material bodily form" of life creates Karma in the material creation, no karma is created in the lower species, heavenly or hellish planets, it is only burnt off there.

However, this seemingly long journey in the material creation is NOT forever because everything is temporary, including karma, in this mundane decaying creation.

Karma good or bad does not last forever. Nothing in the material world is forever!

When one's karma in the animal Kingdom and lower species, the opulant heavenly planets and lower hellish planets is used up, one again gets a human material body on the middle planet called Bhurloka.

This human body is a gift from material nature to find a spiritual teacher or master and learn from him how to GET OUT of this material creation and return to Vaikuntha or Goloka Vrindavana. 

And NEVER again take birth in these temporary material bodies within a mundane world that is in constant maintenance, decline, decay and repeated birth and death.














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